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Current query:Type: Scientific Studies
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While all links worked when entries were posted to the database, different publishers
have different policies about retaining articles and providing access to archived material.
Thus some of the links, particularly older ones, may no longer be functional.
For links no longer working, you may be able to gain paid access to text via the publisher's site.
A study from California suggests that living closer to high traffic roads may increase the risk of spontaneous abortion in certain women. The association was seen only with African-Americans, not with women of other races.
Increased risk of spontaneous abortion was seen among African-American women living close to roads where traffic exceeded 15,000 vehicles per day. Many large city streets have a daily traffic volume of 15,000 cars or more. 18 December 2009. More...
Management measures that keep unwanted pests out of buildings and apartments can control cockroaches and their associated allergens better than traditional pesticide sprayings.
This is the first study to show how a one-time, low cost visit by professionals can effectively reduce the insects' populations for up to six months. Sealing cracks and using bait traps--rather than periodic pesticide applications--to control the pests lowers people's indoor exposures to unhealthy toxic chemicals and allergens that can lead to asthma. 22 June 2009. More...
Researchers report a difference in breast cancer risk between minority and white women exposed to PCBs between the 1930s and late 1970s while on the job at manufacturing plants that made electrical capacitors.
In non-white women, as exposure to PCBs increased, so did their risk for breast cancer onset. White women working in the same plants had no relationship between PCB exposures and breast cancer onset, a finding that is consistent with previous studies. 2 April 2009. More...
Exposure to lead at concentrations below the US safe standard level decreases childhood intelligence, according to a study of children living in Rochester, New York.
The findings show a significant decline of 5 intelligence quotient (IQ) points in children with blood lead levels between 5 and 9.9 micrograms per deciliter (mcg/dL), which is lower than the Centers for Disease Control's safe limit of 10 mcg/dL. 27 February 2008. More...
A new analysis by the CDC indicates that many Americans are exposed to bisphenol A at levels above the current safety threshold set by the EPA based upon decades-old data.
These levels are significantly higher than those sufficient to cause a wide array of health effects in animals following exposure in the womb. Exposure to another industrial chemical, 4-tertiary-octylphenol, is also widespread. 8 November 2007. More...
Could lead poisoning contribute to asthma and other allergic diseases?
Experiments with cells in the immune system of mice--which are hypersensitized by lead-- provide support for this hypothesis. 25 June 2007. More...
Prenatal exposure to the pesticide chlorpyrifos is associated with developmental delays in children and attention deficit hyperactivity problems.
The proportion of New York City 3-yr olds showing delayed development was five times greater in the higher exposure group. Pediatrics. 21 November 2006. More...
Even with access to prenatal care, minority women experience higher rates of perinatal loss of pregancy.
All minorities experienced higher rates of intrauterine growth restriction, preterm birth, very preterm birth, cesarean delivery, light vaginal bleeding and heavy vaginal bleeding compared with the white population. Overall adjusted odds ratio, compared to whites, were 3.5 (black), 1.5 (Hispanic) and 1.9 (other). Obstetrics and Gynecology. 6 July 2006. More...
In a study of agricultural workers in California, exposure to organochlorine pesticides during pregnancy is associate with a decrease in gestational age but not preterm labor.
Of 11 different organochlorine pesticides studied, only hexachlorobenze (HCB) was associated with an earlier onset of labor. There was no effect on fetal growth. Although the onset of labor occurred several days earlier, there was not an increased rate of preterm delivery. Environmental Health Perspectives 2 December 2005. More...
Science Byte: North Carolina children are more likely to be exposed in school to pollution arising from large hog farms if they are poor and not white.
Odor from livestock was noticeable outside 21% of schools sampled, and inside 8% of them. Livestock odors at public schools, particularly those in economically disadvantaged areas, may have broad implications for schools and communities. EHP. 10 November 2005. More...
Science Byte: Anglers who eat fish caught in the lower Hudson River had blood mercury levels almost twice as high as those who never ate local fish.
People eating local fish more than once a week had higher levels than those who ate them less frequently. Environmental Research. 5 November 2005. More...
Science Byte: Body burden measurements of a socioeconomically disadvantaged urban neighborhood revealed children were exposed simultaneously to a combination of VOCs, heavy metals, OC pesticides and PCBs.
Many of these chemicals are known or suspected carcinogens and neurotoxicants. A comparison with CDC data indicates that the exposures for these children may be near the high end of exposures experienced by the general public. EHP 15 October 2005. More...
Preterm birth is linked to air pollution in the Los Angeles basin.
Mothers living in neighborhoods with concentrated poverty, unemployment and dependence on public assistance are at disproportionately high risk. Winter season increased susceptibility further. American Journal of Epidemiology 30 June 2005. More...
Science Byte: A study in Maryland reports that African American and poor neighborhoods are much more likely to be high risk zones for airborn cancer risks than white, economically-advantaged neighborhoods.
Comparing across census tracts, as the proportion of white residents increased, airborne cancer risks decreased. Approximately half of the cancer risk was associated with vehicle emissions. EHP. 15 March 2005. More...
Science Byte: A study of air particles and health in Los Angeles reports a link between PM 2.5 levels and atherosclerosis.
The results indicate that increases in air pollution increase the risk of heart attacks. The effect was largest for non-smoking older women, who experienced a 16% increase in heart disease as PM 2.5 increased by 10 micrograms per cubic meter. EHP. 25 November 2004. More...
Women working in agriculture with exposure to organophosphate pesticides late in pregnancy go into labor earlier than expected.
Increase in blood levels of organophosphate metabolites and decreases in cholinesterase levels were associated with a dose-response related decrease in gestational length. No association was found for a decrease in fetal growth. Although there is biological plausibility for these changes to stimulate contraction of the uterus, the babies born in this study were not preterm. Environmental Health Perspectives 11 March 2004. More...
While the number of children with asthma in the U.S. has more than doubled since 1980, the cause remains unknown.
In 2002, an estimated 30.8 million people in the United States had asthma diagnosed at some point in their life, including some 8.9 million children. 1 April 2003. More...
A large study by Maryland public health scientists finds that blood lead levels beneath the current OSHA "action level" for industrial workers is associated with a 46% increase in mortality of exposed people.
The increases are observed in circulatory diseases and cancer. 1 November 2002. More...
Numerous studies have reported that asthma is increasing in the United States and around the world, with a particularly dramatic increase in young children.
Environmental factors are known to trigger asthma attacks in individuals with the disease. More recent research indicates that environmental exposures may actually cause asthma in some individuals. 10 April 2002. More...
PCBs lower resistance to childhood diseases.
A long-term study of children in the Netherlands finds that background levels of PCB exposure experienced in the womb leads to higher risk for childhood diseases. Incidence of ear infections and chicken pox are both elevated in children that experienced relatively higher fetal exposure than those experiencing lower exposures. 29 November 2000. More...
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